((Married) Couple). Without a clear reference. Quite familiar are the so-called Ten Commandments for the Couple:
1. Nunca irritar-se ao mesmo tempo
2. Nunca gritar um com o outro3. Se alguém deve ganhar na discussão, deixar que seja o outro
4. Se for inevitável chamar a atenção, fazê-lo com amor
5. Nunca jogar no rosto do outro os erros do passado
6. A displicência com qualquer pessoa é tolerável, menos com o cônjuge
7. Nunca ir dormir sem ter chegado a um acordo
8. Pelo menos uma vez ao dia, dizer ao outro uma palavra carinhosa
9. Cometendo um erro, saber admiti-lo e pedir desculpas
10. Quando um não quer, dois não brigam
Dia do Imigrante
(Migrant).
Dia do Folclorista Luso-brasileiro
(Portuguese-Brazilian Folklore).
Dia do Numismata
(Numismatics).
Dia do tratado de Santo Ildefonso (1777)
(Treaty of Santo Ildefonso).
Dia Mundial da Luta Contra a AIDS
(World AIDS Day).
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1822 Coronation of Pedro I as Emperor of Brazil.
1902 Publication of the book “Os Sertões”, by Euclides da Cunha.
1933 Publication of the book “Casa Grande e Senzala” by Gilberto Freire
1822 Creation of the Imperial Honor Guard.
The Imperial Honor Guard was created by Emperor Dom Pedro I, and was dissolved in 1831, following Dom Pedro’s abdication. The honor guard regiment was recreated in 1926 by the Brazilian Congress, and now escorts the president at official ceremonies.
1938 Creation of Gabinete Civil (Civil Cabinet)
1938 Creation of Gabinete Militar (Military Cabinet)
1822 Institution of Ordem Imperial do Cruzeiro.
Imperial Order of the Southern Cross.
1640 Restoration of Portuguese independence, after 60 years of Spanish dominance.
Dom João IV de Bragança proclaimed King of Portugal.
1976 Launch of the movie ‘Dona Flor e Seus Dois Maridos‘, with Sônia Braga and José Wilker.
1994 Surfer Ludemilson Gomes de Lima killed by shark attack at the coast in the state of Pernambuco.
Ludemilson was the first deadly victim, by a shark attack, in Brazil.
(Assignee of an apartment complex). In Brazil, condominios may be considered as apartment complexes. In certain cases, a condominio is a closed area on which a number of houses are built. These condominios, often surrounded by high walls or fences and equipped with electronic security systems, may be guarded by porters. Such a condominio may be located within a city, or in the countryside, only to be reached by unpaved roads. Most condominios host a variety of accommodations such as party rooms, soccer fields, basketball fields, swimming pools, gyms, and even local stores, bars and restaurants. Within a condominio, a representative is elected, and this person is responsible for the administration and for the maintenance of the condominio. This person is responsible for the administration of the maintenance expenses, and for the contacts with maintenance companies. This representative, the síndico, is elected for a maximum period of two years.
Dia do Teólogo
(Theologist).
Dia da Reforma Agrária
(Agricultural reform).
Dia do Estatuto da Terra
(Earth Statute).
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1980 Death of Cartola
CARTOLA
Cartola – 1976 (full album)
Cartola – Peito vazio / O sol nascerá
PROGRAMA VOX POPULI – CARTOLA
Cartola – Verde Que Te Quero Rosa (1977)
1947 Caraguatatuba elevated to the status of an Estância Balneária
1930 Inauguration of commercial flights between Brazil and the United States by Panam.
1931 Launch of the movie ‘Coisas Nossas’, the first Brazilian musical, in Rio de Janeiro.
Before the launch of Brazilian-made movies, only foreign movies were seen in Brazilian cinemas. In 1924, more than eighty percent of the movies exhibited were from the United States. Wallace Downey, who worked at am American film studio, saw the possibility of making money with singing movie stars. He filmed Brazilian singers, the movie became an unexpected success. ‘Coisas Nossas’ became the first Brazilian musical movie. The title music was written by Noel Rosa.
COISAS NOSSAS
Noel Rosa – São coisas nossas (1932)
Martinho da Vila – Coisas Nossas (Noel Rosa)
COISAS NOSSAS
(Noel Rosa)
Queria ser pandeiro
Pra sentir o dia inteiro
A tua mão na minha pele a batucar
Saudade do violão e da palhoça
Coisa nossa, coisa nossa
O samba, a prontidão
E outras bossas,
São nossas coisas,
São coisas nossas!Malandro que não bebe,
Que não come,
Que não abandona o samba
Pois o samba mata a fome,
Morena bem bonita lá da roça,
Coisa nossa, coisa nossaO samba, a prontidão
E outras bossas,
São nossas coisas,
São coisas nossas!Baleiro, jornaleiro
Motorneiro, condutor e passageiro,
Prestamista e o vigarista
E o bonde que parece uma carroça,
Coisa nossa, muito nossaO samba, a prontidão
E outras bossas,
São nossas coisas,
São coisas nossas!Menina que namora
Na esquina e no portão
Rapaz casado com dez filhos, sem tostão,
Se o pai descobre o truque dá uma coça
Coisa nossa, muito nossaO samba, a prontidão
E outras bossas,
São nossas coisas,
São coisas nossas!
I would like to be a tambourine
To feel all day long
Your hand drumming on my skin.
This longing for the guitar and the shack,
Our things, our thingsSamba, pennilessness
And other fashions
They’re our things, they’re things of ours!The malandro that doesn’t drink,
That doesn’t eat
But that doesn’t abandon samba
Because samba kills hunger
The beautiful morena from out there in the country
Our thing, our thingSamba, pennilessness
And other fashions
They’re our things, they’re things of ours!The candy vendor, the paper boy
The motorman, the driver and the passenger
Loansharks and con men
And the tram that looks like a wagon
Our thing, very much oursSamba, pennilessness
And other fashions
They’re our things, they’re things of ours!The girl that courts
On the corner and at the gate
The married guy with ten kids and without a dime
If her father finds out he’s gonna give a beating
Our thing, very much oursSamba, pennilessness
And other fashions
They’re our things, they’re things of ours!
1964 Promulgation of ‘Estatuto da Terra’ by President Castelo Branco
Estatuto da Terra is a law that regulates the duties and rights related to agricultural buildings.
1967 The National Conference of Bishops in Brazil condemned imprisonment of clergymen.
1986 Earthquake with a magnitude of 5.1 degrees according to the Richter Scale in João Câmara, Rio Grande do Norte.
Dia Internacional da Solidariedade com o Povo Palestino
(International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People). In 1977, this day was established by the UN General Assembly. The day of 29 was chosen, since it refers to the acceptance of Resolution 181 in 1947, which cause the division of Palestina. In Brazil, about eight million people are of Arabic origin, mainly from Syria and the Lebanon. Brazil is considered as a good example of a society in which Arabs, Jews and Christians live together in peace.
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1947 Osvaldo Aranha appointed as chairman of the II General Assembly of the United Nations .
During this memorable assembly, the split-up of Palestina became a fact. Osvaldo Euclides de Souza Aranha (1894-1960), head of the Brazilian delegation, supported this resolution, no. 181. In 2007, a street in Tel Aviv (Israel) was named after him. Osvaldo studied Law and succeeded Getúlio Vargas as governor of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. During the Second World War, it was partly because of his efforts that Brazil chose to join the allied forces, and ended diplomatic ties with the countries of the Axis. Thanks to Osvaldo, the tradition was started that the first speaker of the General Assembly is always a Brazilian.
1877 Inauguration of the first telephone installation in Brazil.
In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell demonstrated his invention at the World Expo in Philadelphia: the telephone. Brazilian emperor Pedro II visited this exhibition and was impressed. His contact with the inventor resulted in the construction of the first telephone line from the imperial residence to several government departments. The telephone company responsible was called “Western and Brazilian Telephone Company”.
1842 Use of Brazilian stamps permitted per decrees.
In 1840, world’s first stamps were issued in the United Kingdom. Brazil became one of the first countries with stamps: the first was issued on 1 August 1843. Before it could be realized, special laws had to be accepted. Two decrees, no. 254 and no. 255, were needed to have the stamp accepted as a payment method.
(Unknown Soldier). Many countries commemorate the Day of the Unknown Soldier on 11 November, marking the end of World War I in 1918. Many countries have erected monuments for the Unknown Soldier, symbolizing the death of many unknown in various wars. In Brazil, the monument of the Unknown Soldier is in Rio de Janeiro, at the Monument of the Dead of World War II, Aterro de Flamengo.
Dia Nacional de Ação de Graças
(Brazilian Thanksgiving Day). Thanksgiving Day has been celebrated in the United States since 1620. As a gesture of thankfulness, especially to God, for the favors obtained during the year. Since 1941, this day is held on the fourth Thursday in November. In 1949, Brazilian President Gaspar Dutra introduced Thanksgiving Day in Brazil, as suggested by ambassador Joaquim Nabuco. In 1966, this law was modified by President Humberto Castelo Branco: the day was synchronized with the American Thanksgiving Day. The Brazilian Thanksgiving Day is mainly celebrated by families, churches and institutions with American roots.
AÇÃO DE GRAÇAS
Vídeo Institucional | Dia Nacional de Ação de Graças 2013 | 2014
Dia Nacional de Ação de Graças 1976 (completo)
Dia Internacional do Ministério Público
(Public Prosecutor).
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1861 Death of writer Manuel Antônio de Almeida
Manuel Antônio de Almeida was born on 17 November 1830 in Rio de Janeiro. He studied Medicine in which he graduated in 1855, but he never worked as a physician. Because of financial difficulties, he started to work as a journalist. In 1858, Manuel became public servant and worked as an administrator for Tipografia Nacional. In the following year, he started to work at the Ministry of Treasury. Already in 1852, he started to publish fragments of which later became “Memórias de um Sargento de Milícias”, published in 1854 with his pseudonym “Um Brasileiro’ and in 1863 with his real name. When Manuelwas traveling for his election campaign as a candidate provincial assemblyman, he died in a shipwreck near the coast of Macaé (RJ) in 1861.
MANUEL ANTÔNIO DE ALMEIDA
A vida de Manuel Antônio de Almeida
clipe Manoel Antonio de Almeida
Fuvest 2015: Memórias de um Sargento de Milícias, de Manuel Antônio de Almeida
Memórias de um sargento de milícias Manuel Antônio de Almeida
1934 Death of writer Henrique Maximiano Coelho Neto
Henrique Maximiano Coelho Neto was born in Caxias (Maranhão) on 21 February 1864. Already at the age of six, he and his family moved to Rio de Janeiro. He tried to study Medicine, but Anatomy classes made him to discontinue this study. Henrique then started to study Law in São Paulo. His rebellious spirit made him involve in a student movement against a teacher. In order to prevent expulsion, he moved to Recife. He then returned to São Paulo, but he didn’t graduate. He moved again, to Rio, where he started to work as a secretary at Gazeta da Tarde. He started to publish his literary works. In 1890, he married Maria Gabriela Brandão, with whom he had 14 children. Henrique worked as a secretary for the Rio de Janeiro government, and eventually as literature teacher and professor. In 1909, he was elected federal congressman for the state of Maranhão, and was re-elected in 1917. He was a very productive writer, and wrote under his own name and under one of his many pseudonyms. In the first decades of the twentieth century, he was the most widely read author in Brazil. His best known works are: “A Capital Federal” (1893); “Rei Negro” (1914); “Mano” (1924); “Fogo-Fátuo” (1929). Henrique died in Rio in 1934.
COELHO NETO
Literatura Gratuita Para Todos – Coelho Netto
SONETOS Brasileiros – Henrique Coelho Neto
1975 Death of writer Érico Veríssimo (1905-1975)
Érico Lopes Veríssimo was born in Cruz Alta (RS) on 17 December 1905. His once wealthy family lost everything at the start of the twentieth century. Already at the age of 13, he read Brazilian and international literature. In 1920, Érico went to study in Porto Alegre, but returned to Cruz Alta without having completed the college. In 1925, he started to work at Banco Nacional do Comércio. One year later, Érico become a partner of a pharmacy, until 1930 when the pharmacy went bankrupt. He also taught English and literature. In 1929, he started to write stories for magazines and journals. In 1931, Érico married Mafalda Halfem Volpe, with whom he had two children. They then moved to Porto Alegre, where he started to work for Revista do Globo. Érico is one of the writers of the so-called Segundo Tempo Modernista (Second Modernist Era, 1930-1940). Literature of this period reflect to social problems. ‘Fantoche’ (1932) was his first book. He eventually investigated the history of the state of Rio Grande do Sul for his books; among them is the trilogy “O Tempo e o Vento”. In 1941, Érico went to the United States, as part of a cultural mission. Fearing the Vargas’s dictatorship, he stayed in California until 1945. In 1953, he returned to the United States, where he worked for the OAS (Organization of the American States) until 1956. In 1966, he started to write his memoirs in ‘Solo de Clarineta’. He died of a cardiac arrest in Porto Alegre in 1975.
ÉRICO VERÍSSIMO
Érico Veríssimo (1/2) – De Lá Pra Cá – 17/10/10
Érico Veríssimo (2/2) – De Lá Pra Cá – 17/10/10
Biografia e Centenário de Erico Verissimo
O Tempo e o Vento (O Continente), de Érico Veríssimo : obra-prima da literatura brasileira
FRASES DE ÉRICO VERÍSSIMO – Melhores Citações e Pensamentos de Érico Veríssimo
Memorial Erico Verissimo – Porto Alegre
1990 Nuclear agreement between Brazil and Argentina.
1996 Conviction of the policemen who had killed eight homeless children in front of the Candelâria Church in Rio de Janeiro.
The assassinations took place on 23 July 1993. One of the survivors helped the investigators to identify the assassins. He received protection and now lives in Switzerland. One three of the ten named police officers have been found guilty. Former police officer Marcos Emanuel was sentenced for 300 years. Nelson de Oliveira dos Santos Cunha was sentenced for 18 years, and Marcos Aurélio Dias Alcântara for 204 years. Ten years later, only the latter convicted was still in prison.
CANDELÂRIA MASSACRE
Rio – Candelaria Massacre – Brazil
A CHACINA DA CANDELÁRIA por Emanuel Messias de Cataguases MG
(Infancy). There was already a Brazilian day of infancy on 24 August. However, many calendars mention 27 November as day of infancy, without a clear source. The International Day of the Child is on 21 March.
Dia do Técnico de Segurança no trabalho
(Occupational Safety and Health Worker). This profession is gaining popularity in Brazil, partly thanks to the growning number of rules and laws about occupational safety and health. Engineers, technicians and medical professionals take part in the Segurança do Trabalho service in the larger companies and services. The profession was established by law (7,410) of 27 November 1985.
Dia Nacional de Combate ao Câncer
(Combat against Cancer). In 1988, this day was established by the Brazilian Ministry of Health through document GM 707. On this day, the Brazilian Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA; National Cancer Institute) will publish the annaul report with actual numbers regarding the incidence and mortality of various cancer types in Brazil. Some years ago, INCA had launched a national campaign with the ten commandments of cancer prevention.
The ten commandments: 1. Quit smoking 2. Balanced food supply 3. Moderate alcohol consumption 4. Men between 50-70 should undergo regular checks regarding prostate cancer. 5. Men older than 45, with family member younger than 60 suffering from prostate cancer, should undergo regular checks. 6. Women older than 40 should undergo annual checks regarding breast cancer. Women between 50-69 should have a mammogram made every two years. Women, with family members suffering from breast cancer, should have a mammogram made annually, starting at age 35. 7.Women between 25-59 should undergo regular gynecological checks. In case of two subsequent positive results, these checks should be performed every to years. 8. Men and women older than 50 should have their feces checked annually. 9. Avoid direct sunlight as much as possible, use solar protection. 10. Take care of your dental health and visit the dentist regularly.
“evocar o importante significado histórico das entidades de combate ao câncer, de consagração aos inumeráveis e valiosos serviços prestados ao país e proporcionar importante mobilização popular quanto aos aspectos educativos e socia “evocar o importante significado histórico das entidades de combate ao câncer, de consagração aos inumeráveis e valiosos serviços prestados ao país e proporcionar importante mobilização popular quanto aos aspectos educativos e sociais na luta contra o câncer”.is na luta contra o câncer”. (GM707)
CANCER IN BRAZIL
Combate ao Câncer – Brasil das Gerais – Parte 1
Combate ao Câncer – Brasil das Gerais – Parte 2
Combate ao Câncer – Brasil das Gerais – Parte 3
Direitos e benefícios de pacientes com câncer – Repórter Brasil (manhã)
Repórter Brasil (noite) – Campanha Novembro Verde alerta para câncer de próstata
Campanha Outubro Rosa Zezé Motta 2012
Dia Internacional de Combate ao Câncer Infantil – Repórter Brasil (manhã)
Globo Repórter: Pau-brasil, um grande aliado na luta contra o câncer.
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1956 Gold medal for triple jump athlete Adhemar Ferreira da Silva at the Olympic Games in Melbourne.
During the Olympics in Melbourne (Australia), Adhemar (1927-2001) won gold for the second time in the triple jump discipline, with a winning distance of 16.35 meters. In 1952, in Helsinki (Finland), he won his first golden metal with a new Olympic record: 16.22 meters. Adhemar, nicknamed the ‘Brazilian kangaroo’ won three golden medals during the Pan American Games: in 1951 (Buenos Aires), 1955 (Mexico City, with a new world record (he jumped two world records in his career) of 16.56 meter), and in 1959 (Chicago). In 1959, Adhemar starred as an actor in the French movie “Black Orpheus”, which won an Oscar for the best foreign movie. Adhemar was athlete of São Paulo FC; therefore, he is honored withtwo golden stars on the club’s emblem.
Homenagem a estilista da literatura brasileira Dinah Silveira de Queiroz [Chamada]
1983 First demonstration for civil rights in São Paulo
DIRETAS JÁ!
Diretas Já: Partidos de oposição organizam grande evento na Praça da Sé (1983)
Diretas Já!
diretas já – resumo
Arquivo Especial Diretas Já
1907 Aviation pioneer Santos-Dumont established a new speed record: a flight of 220 meters in 21 seconds.
1907 Conclusion of the telegraph line between Rio de Janeiro and Amazônia.
The construction of the telegraph line, with a length of 997 km through the wilderness in the state of Mato Grosso, was organized by major Cândido Rondon.
1935 Government troops quickly took control of a military revolt in Rio de Janeiro: Intentona Comunista.
INTENTONA COMUNISTA
Nos 75 anos do Levante de 35, vídeo polemiza com “intentona”
Comissão da Verdadeira História – Intentona Comunista
(Public Procecutor’s Office). Since Brazil is a federal state, the country has a large network of prosecutor’s offices. The Federal Office is the Ministério Público da União MPU), which consists of Ministério Público Federal (MPF), Ministério Público do Trabalho (labor’s rights), Ministério Público Militar (MPM) and the Ministério Público do Distrito Federal e Territórios (MPDFT). The MPU and the prosecutor’s offices of the Brazilian states together are the Ministério Publico brasileiro. On 26 November 1993, Lei Complementar n. 734, was introduced in the state of São Paulo.
César Guerra-Peixe: Suite Sinfônica n.1 “Paulista” (1955)
1845
Curitiba elevated to the status of capital of the province of Paraná.
CURITIBA (PR)
Welcome to Curitiba!
A CIDADE DE CURITIBA
UM PASSEIO POR CURITIBA
Curitiba Antiga
1907
Attack of Lavras (Ceará) by Colonel Gustavo Lima, thereby defeating his brother Honório.
1934
Start of the first Brazilian oil refinery, the Destilaria Rio-Grandense de Petróleo, in Rio Grande do Sul.
1964
Resignation of Mauro Borges Teixeira, governor of Goiás.
The governor (1920-2013), in office since 1961, initially supported the 1964 military coup. Since he strongly supported he candidacy of Castello Branco for the presidency of Brazil. This action ignited strong opposition of the other candidate, Costa e Silva, and eventually resulted in thefederal intervention in the state of Goiás, and the forced resignation of the governor.
MAURO BORGES
Mauro Borges e o governo de Goiás
Trailer – Resistência.doc (versão com créditos)
Mauro Borges – 80 anos
Morre o ex-governador Mauro Borges
1993
Death of actor, composer and singer Grande Otelo.
Grande Otelo, born as Sebastião Bernardes de Souza Prata was born in Uberlândia (MG) in 1915. Sebastião had to deal with tragedies in his life, as his father was stabbed to death and his mother was an alcohol addict. As an orphan he quit many host families until his career was settled. His wife killed his six-year-old son before she killed herself. Despite the tragedies, Grande Otelo participated in many movies, comedy acts (he became famous with actor Oscarito), and novelas (Brazilian soap series). He was considered as one of Brazil’s greatest artistic talents. He died of a cardiac arrest, at the age of 78, when he was on his way to Paris, about to be honored at the Cannes film Festival.
(Brazilian Blood Donor Day). This day was introduced per decree 53,988, issued by president Castello Branco, on 30 June 1964. The World Donor Day is on 14 June, as established by the World Health Organization in 2004. Less than two percent of the Brazilian population is a voluntary blood donor, well below the 3-4 percent goal of the World Health Organization. About 87 percent of the 3.6 million blood units donated annually in Brazil, is from volunteers.
BLOOD DONATION
Campanha do Dia Nacional dos Doadores Voluntários de Sangue
Vídeo de sensibilização para doação de sangue – Fundação Pró-Sangue
Dia Internacional para a Eliminação da Violência contra a Mulher
(International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women). The day refers to the assassination of three of the four Mirabal Sisters, political activists known as Las Mariposas, in the Dominican Republic in 1960, on orders of Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo. The sisters and the driver were ambushed by Trujillo’s henchmen and clubbed to death. Their vehicle was run off the mountain to look like an accident. On 20 December 1993 the General Assembly, by resolution48/104, adopted the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women. By resolution 54/134of 17 December 1999, the United Nations General Assembly designated 25 November as the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women. This day also marks the start of the 16-day period of 16 Days of Activism against Gender-Based Violence Campaign, until 10 December, Human Rights Day. The color orange symbolizes this initiative.
MIRABAL SISTERS AND
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
Vejaciones y Asesinatos Dictadura de Trujillo
Documental Las Mariposas: Las Hermanas Mirabal
Las Hermanas Mirabal
The Story of the Mirabal Sisters
International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women (25 november)
Dia Internacional para a Eliminação da Violência contra a Mulher 2014
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1641 Start of the Dutch invasion of Maranhão, as ordered by Maurício de Nassau.
1954 Juscelino Kubitschek put forward as presidential candidate.
During a meeting of the Diretório Nacional, the Partido Social-Democata (PSD: Social Democratic Party) decided to put forward Juscelino Kubitschek as presidential candidate.
1955 Declaration – per decree – of State of Siege by Nereu Ramos.
Ramos was president of the Senate, who succeeded former president of the Chamber of Deputees, Carlos Coimbra Luz as president of Brazil. Ramos was president of Brazil until the installation of Juscelino Kubitschek in 1956. The state of siege was then lifted.
1964 The Fourth Salão do Automóvel commemorated the milestone of one million cars produced in Brazil.
1970
Approval of cremation
The Câmara dos Deputados (Chamber of Deputees) authorized the cremation of corpses for those who explicitly expressed this wish.
1974
Discovery of an oil field in bacia (basin) of Campos, near the state of Rio de Janeiro, by Petrobrás.
1996 Darcy Alves Pereira, murderer of union leader Chico Mendes, arrested after having having been on the run for more than three years.
CHICO MENDES
A história de Chico Mendes Documentário
Chico Mendes and the Fight to Save the Amazon Rainforest
1996
A prosecutor denounced eleven officers of the São Paulo Civil Police for torture and constraints.
The police officers were involved in the Bodega Bar case, in which a student and a dentist were murdered. The eleven policemen were accused of torture and constraints of eleven men and a security guard.
(Grandfather). In Brazil, the grandparent’s day was celebrated on 26 July, the feast day of the saints Ana and Joaquim, parents of Maria, grandparents of Jesus. Some sources mention 26 July as Dia da Vovó (grandmother) and 24 November as Dia do Vovô (grandfather).
Dia Nacional dos Rios
(Rivers).
Dia do Quadro Auxiliar de Oficiais
(Officers’ Support Unit). This army unit was created per presidential decree (84.333) on 20 December 1979. Antônio João Ribeiro had been chosen as patron of this army unit. Lieutenant Antônio João Ribeiro, born on 23 November 1823, was leading a small reconnaissance unit of 15 soldiers, in order to gather information of the advancing Paraguayan invasion army, at the start of the Paraguayan War. He ordered to have the civilians evacuated and fought against the invaders until his death on 29 December 1964. His famous words were:
Sei que morro, mas meu sangue e o dos meus companheiros servirá de protesto solene contra a invasão do solo de minha Pátria. I know that I’ll die, but my blood and that of my comrades will serve as a solemn protest against the invasion of my motherland.
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1631 Olinda (PE) set on fire by Dutch invaders.
1825 Departure of Dom Pedro I to participate in the Platina War, in Uruguay.
1861 Birth of poet João Cruz e Sousa.
1935 Soldiers of the ANL (Aliança Nacional Libertadora) seized power in Recife during the Intentona Comunista (Communist Conspiracy),
Intentona Comunista, also known as Revolta Vermelha de 35 (the 1935 Red Uprising) or Levante Comunista (Comunist Uprising), started in November 1935 with a coup attempt against President Getúlio Vargas. The uprising started in Natal, extended to Recife, and ended in Rio de Janeiro. The ANL, led by Luis Carlos Prestes, gained little support from the people and the army. The rebels were defeated, and as a result the state of siege was declared by Vargas at the end of 1935. He managed to strengthen his power and remained in office until 1945
1937 Federal intervention in all Brazilian states – except Minas Gerais – per decree by president Getúlio Vargas.
(Combat against Dengue). Dengue, also called breakbone fever, is a tropical disease that is spread by mosquitoes. This mosquito type, Aedes aegypti, most commonly bit at dusk or dawn, and has a breeding preference in stagnant water. In Brazil, dengue was almost eliminated in the 80’s of the past century, However, dengue has made a come-back and causes various epidemics throughout the country. At present, no cure has been provided effective yet, but the treatment has been improved greatly. According to Lei (Act) Nº 12.235 of 19 May 2010, the day that commemorates the combat against dengue, is held on the penultimate Saturday of November.
Dia Nacional de Combate ao Câncer Infantil
(Combat against Childhood Cancer). This day was introduced according to Lei (Act) Nº 11.650 of 4 April 2008, with the intention to promote educational and cancer prevention activities, related to childhood cancer, as well as to debate scientific progress regarding childhood cancer.
Dia Mundial da Aquarela
(World Watercolor Day). The day was created by Mexican plastic artist Alfredo Guati Rojo (1918-2003) on 23 November 1994. Alfredo was founder of the Instituto de Arte de México (Mexican Arts Institute) in 1954, and the Museo Nacional de la Acuarela in 1967.
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1823 Brazilian politicians went to into exile in France, after their conflict with emperor Dom Pedro.
On 12 November 1823, Dom Pedro had dissolved the constituent assembly, and called for new elections.
1891 Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca stepped down as President of Brazil.
The marshal, who had become the first president of Brazil, didn’t want to risk a civil war in Brazil, and he therefore stepped down.
1955 National Congress blocked the return of President João Fernandes Café Filho, after his sick leave.
The congress and the military leaders feared that Café Filho wouldn’t allow president-elect Juscelino Kubitschek to take the oath of office. Café Filho left office on 9 November, and was succeeded by the head of the Chamber of Deputies, Carlos Luz. Luz had to leave office only two days later, since it was feared that he was part of a plot to block Kubitschek to become President. Luz was succeeded by the Senate’s President, Nereu Ramos, until 31 January 1956, when Kubitschek was sworn in as President.
1982 Death of composer, singer, comedian and actor Adoniran Barbosa (1910-1982)
Son of Italian migrants, Adoniran was born on 6 August 1910 in São Paulo. His real name was João Rubinato. He started to work as a textile salesman. In 1934, he won the first prize in a carnival song contest in São Paulo. In 1941, he started to work for Rádio Record, as a comedian and DJ. In 1951, he recorded his first success, ‘Saudosa Maloca’. One of his most famous recording was ‘Trem das Onze’ (1964). One of his final compositions was ‘Tiro ao Álvaro’, recorded by Elis Regina.
ADONIRAN BARBOSA
Adoniran Barbosa – Saudosa maloca (1955)
Adoniran Barbosa – Trem das onze (1964)
Adoniran Barbosa [1974] Completo full album
Elis Regina & Adoniran Barbosa – Tiro ao álvaro
1954 Inauguration of Maracanãzinho Stadium, Rio de Janeiro.
The indoor arena, located next to the immense Maracanã Soccer stadium, has a capacity of 11.800 people. In 1955, the president of Flamengo died shortly after a thrilling basketball final, in which his Flamengo was the winner. The gymnasium was then renamed into Ginásio Gilberto Cardoso. The gymnasium has hosted various international sports events, including two basketball world championships (1954 and 1963), a volleyball world championship (1990), and a judo world championship (2013). The arena also hosted many shows of Brazilian and international singers and bands, such as Deep Purple, Metallica, The Police, Genesis, Roberto Carlos, Lulu Santos, Legião Urbana.
(Music/ Musician). The World Music Day was on 21 June already. Music, arts of the Muses. Maybe some among us may know that St. Cecilia is the patron saint of (religious) music and musicians. There exists a tight link between St. Cecilia and music, since she ‘had heard divine music inside her heart’, when she was married. According to the legend, St. Cecilia was a Roman girl whose marriage had been arranged. She prayed intensely to have her virginity kept intact, and she told her husband that she had an guardian angel who guarded her virginity. Her husband converted himself, and he saw an apparition of an angel surrounded by fire. He and his brother got arrested and died as martyrs. Also Cecilia was arrested and locked up in a bath, which was heated to boiling temperature. She stayed cool, as if something was protecting her. An executioner was sent to behead her, but he didn’t succeed. Cecilia, bleeding, stayed alive for three more days. Believers collected her blood and guarded that as relics.
St. Cecilia
Dia da Liberdade
(Freedom). Without clear sources….
BRAZILIAN HISTORY:
1910 Chibata Revolt.
Chibata is Portuguese for lash. The lash had been used for punishing marines. Since the proclamation of the Brazilian Republic in 1889, this punishment was abolished, but was reintroduced one year later. At the moment that marine soldier Marcelino Menzenes, at the battleship “Minas Gerais”, was about to be punished, the marines started their revolt. This revolt apparently had been prepared months before. Soon, the revolting marines took command of the other battleships in the Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro. In order to try to enforce their demands (end of capital punishments and better meals), the cannons of the captured ships had been aimed to the city of Rio de Janeiro. There was no other option for President Hermes de Fonseca and his governent (seated in Rio!) to give in to their demands, and grant amnesty to the the rebels. Although the chibata was no longer in use, the rebel leaders were arrested. Many of them suffered severe tortures and died. The rebel leader, João Cândido, O Almirante Negro (The Black Admiral), however survived his captivity (he became literally nuts) and was granted amnesty in 1912. He continued his life, completely anonimiously,as fish salesman in Rio. A movie had been made about the revolt:: “Memórias da Chibata”